Question
Download Solution PDFIn India, the National Human Rights Commission was established in which year?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is 1993.
Key Points
- The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India was established on 12 October 1993.
- It was constituted under the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), 1993.
- The commission is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights in the country.
- The NHRC is an autonomous public body and its headquarters are located in New Delhi.
- The first Chairperson of NHRC was Justice Ranganath Misra, the former Chief Justice of India.
Additional Information
- Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993
- This act provides for the constitution of a National Human Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commissions for better protection of human rights.
- Human rights under the act are defined as the rights relating to life, liberty, equality, and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in international covenants.
- NHRC Composition
- The NHRC consists of a Chairperson, four full-time Members, and four deemed Members.
- The Chairperson should be a retired Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court Judge.
- Functions of NHRC
- Inquiries into complaints of human rights violations.
- Review of safeguards provided by or under the Constitution or any law for the protection of human rights.
- Visits to jails and other places of detention to study the living conditions of inmates.
- State Human Rights Commissions
- Similar to the NHRC, each state in India has its own State Human Rights Commission.
- They perform similar functions at the state level and report their findings to the NHRC.
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