To make the cotton cloth transparent and tough, ________ is processed.

Concept: 

Cotton:

• The cotton plant's seeds are surrounded by fibers called cotton.
• Most frequently, the fibre is spun into yarn and utilised to create a supple, breathable textile.
• Because just 10% of the raw weight is lost during processing, cotton is a lucrative crop.
• The remaining material is a natural polymer of pure cellulose after the wax, protein, etc. have been eliminated.
• Because of the way this cellulose is structured, cotton has special qualities of strength, durability, and absorbency.

Explanation:

Sulfuric Acid: 

• Organdie or organdy finish is a type of finishing which requires the use of sulfuric acid.
• This treatment is typically given to cotton cloth.
• During this procedure, sulfuric acid is applied to cotton cloth at room temperature for 4–5 seconds.
• This finishing process gave cotton fabric more sheen, transparency, and rigidity similar to woollen plain cloth.

Thus, to make the cotton cloth transparent and tough, sulfuric acid is processed.

Additional InformationCaustic Soda:

• The process of making and using caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide or lye, began with the manufacture of soap.
• It is now widely utilised in the textile industry for operations including scouring, mercerization, and dyeing, crucial steps in the production of textiles.

Sodium Perborate: 

• The main application of sodium perborate is as a bleaching agent for various fabrics, including cotton, wool, linen, rayon, etc.
• Additionally, it serves as an oxidising agent and a colour fixative.