Granite, Gabbro and Basalt are which type of rocks?

The correct answer is Igneous.

Key Points

• Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
• Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica.
• Gabbro is a dense, coarse-grained igneous rock containing mainly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene.
• Basalt is a fine-grained igneous rock that forms from the rapid cooling of lava at the Earth's surface.
• These rocks are fundamental components of the Earth's crust and are often used in construction due to their durability.

Additional Information

• Igneous Rock Classification
  • Igneous rocks are classified into two main categories: intrusive (plutonic) and extrusive (volcanic).
  • Intrusive igneous rocks, like granite and gabbro, form below the Earth's surface.
  • Extrusive igneous rocks, like basalt, form at the Earth's surface.
  • The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling; slow cooling results in larger crystals, while rapid cooling results in smaller crystals.
• Formation Process
  • Magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface forms coarse-grained rocks like granite and gabbro.
  • Lava that cools rapidly on the Earth's surface forms fine-grained rocks like basalt.
  • Igneous rocks can also contain minerals such as olivine, amphibole, and biotite.
• Geological Importance
  • Igneous rocks form the majority of the Earth's crust.
  • They play a crucial role in the rock cycle, transforming into sedimentary and metamorphic rocks over geological time.
  • Igneous rocks are key to understanding the Earth's internal processes and history.
• Uses of Igneous Rocks
  • Granite is widely used in construction, particularly for countertops, flooring, and monuments.
  • Basalt is used in road construction, as an aggregate in concrete, and as a building stone.
  • Gabbro is used as a dimension stone and as a source of crushed stone for construction projects.