Question
Download Solution PDFWho among the following was the Viceroy of British India when the Shimla conference was held in 1945?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is Lord Wavell.
Key Points
- Lord Wavell (1943-1947) served as the Viceroy of India during a crucial period of World War II and the lead-up to Indian independence, including the Bengal famine and the Quit India Movement.
- In 1945, Lord Wavell introduced the "Wavell Plan," proposing a reorganization of the Indian government to include more Indian representatives.
- The Shimla Conference was convened by Lord Wavell in an attempt to discuss India's political future and the formation of a new executive council that would include more Indian members.
- It was a key event in India's path to independence but ended unsuccessfully due to disagreements between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.
Additional Information
| Viceroy | Tenure | Key Contribution(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Lord Canning | 1856-1862 | First Viceroy; oversaw the 1857 Revolt and subsequent transfer of power to the Crown. |
| Lord Lytton | 1876-1880 | Organized the Delhi Durbar; passed the Vernacular Press Act, and faced the Great Famine. |
| Lord Ripon | 1880-1884 | Repealed the Vernacular Press Act; introduced local self-government reforms. |
| Lord Curzon | 1899-1905 | Partition of Bengal (1905); reforms in education and preservation of monuments. |
| Lord Minto | 1905-1910 | Morley-Minto Reforms (1909), introducing limited electoral representation. |
| Lord Hardinge | 1910-1916 | Capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911; faced the Delhi Conspiracy Case. |
| Lord Chelmsford | 1916-1921 | Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919); Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred under his tenure. |
| Lord Reading | 1921-1926 | Non-cooperation movement and Chauri Chaura incident; repressive laws against Indian protests. |
| Lord Irwin | 1926-1931 | Gandhi-Irwin Pact; First Round Table Conference; Civil Disobedience Movement. |
| Lord Mountbatten | 1947-1948 | Last Viceroy; oversaw the Partition of India and independence. |
Last updated on Jun 3, 2025
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