Which of the following is true for an earth wire? 

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PGCIL DT Electrical 12 March 2022 (NR II) Official Paper
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  1. Slight potential exists 
  2. Only fault current flows
  3. It does not protect from electric chokes 
  4. Return current passes through the load

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Only fault current flows
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Detailed Solution

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The Correct answer is option 2):(Only fault current flows)

Concept:

  • Earth wire is directly connected to the ground. They always have zero potential
  • The earth wire protects us from an electric shock and bypasses excessive current to the ground in case of a short circuit. It protects from electric chokes 
  • Earth wire provide a path for leakage to flow from the device body to the ground. Neutral wire always carries a return current in normal conditions in the AC circuit. Earth wire does not carry any electric current under normal conditions, it carries current only when there is a fault in the device.
  • When a fault or short circuit occurs the fault current flows through the earth wire.Hence option 2 is correct
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