Muriatic acid is another name of which compound used in the production of chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes, in electroplating, and in the photographic, textile, and rubber industries?

The correct answer is Hydrochloric acid.

Key Points

• Muriatic acid is another name of the Hydrochloric acid compound used in the production of chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes, in electroplating, and in the photographic, textile, and rubber industries.
• Muriatic acid is another name for hydrochloric acid (HCI), which is an inorganic compound that is strongly acidic in nature.
• It has a wide range of applications - food additive, gelatin production, leather processing, industrial synthesis of PVC and vinyl chloride, descaling agent, dissolving rocks in oil production, steel pickling, etc.
• Hydrochloric acid is used for removing oxide film from steel objects (before they are galvanized) and for removing 'scale' deposits from inside the boilers.
• It is also used in dyestuffs, textile, food, and leather industries.

Additional Information

• Perchloric acid:
  • It is prepared by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid on Potassium Perchlorate.
  • The chemical formula of perchloric acid is HCIO4. It is a mineral acid and is considered stronger than sulfuric acid and nitric acid.
  • The chemical reaction is as follows:
    • KCIO₄ + H₂SO₄→ HCIO₄ + KHSO₄
• Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) -
  • Sulfuric acid is an inorganic acid.
  • It is also known as "Mattling acid" or "Oil of vitriol".
  • The "Contact Method" is used to produce it on a large scale.
• Nitric Acid:
  • It is a strong acid with the chemical formula HNO₃.
  • It is also known as the spirit of niter and aqua fortis.
  • In its pure form, it is colourless but as it gets older it turns into a yellow cast.
  • This colour appears due to the decomposition of Nitric acid to oxides of nitrogen and water.
  • It is highly corrosive and toxic.
  • It causes severe skin burns.
  • It can be manufactured by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia.
  • It is a common reagent used in laboratories and an important chemical used in industries to manufacture explosives and fertilizers.
  • The PH of Nitric acid is approximately 3.01.
  • Nitric acid molecules contain 3 oxygen atoms, 1 nitrogen atom, and 1 hydrogen atom.