In ancient Tamil literatures, the term 'Kadai Yelu Vallalgal' was used to denote

The correct answer is Leaders known for charity.

Key Points

•  The term 'Kadai Yelu Vallalgal' in ancient Tamil literature refers to the "last seven great patrons" or "seven great philanthropists."
• These were prominent figures, mostly chieftains and kings, who lived during the Sangam Age in South India.
• The Sangam Age, roughly spanning from the 3rd century BCE to the 3rd century CE, was a golden period for Tamil literature and culture.
• These seven patrons were renowned for their exceptional generosity and their support of poets, scholars, and the needy.
• Their acts of charity were widely celebrated in Sangam poems, and they became legendary figures in Tamil tradition.
• The names of these seven great patrons are generally listed as Pari, Kari, Ori, Nalli, Adiyaman, Pegan, and Ay.
• Pari was a chieftain of Parambu Nadu, known for his love for nature and his willingness to sacrifice even his chariot for a jasmine creeper.
• Kari was a powerful ruler of the Malayamānādu region, celebrated for his valor and his open-handedness towards those who sought his aid.
• Ori was a chieftain of Kolli Hills, famous for his archery skills and his munificent gifts to poets and bards.
• Nalli was a ruler of Thondaimandalam, praised for his hospitality and his readiness to provide for the welfare of his subjects and visitors.
• Adiyaman Neduman Anji was a Chera dynasty chieftain of Thagadur, known for his bravery in battle and his patronage of the poet Avvaiyar.
• Pegan was a chieftain of the Podini hills, remembered for his compassion, particularly his act of giving his warm shawl to a shivering peacock.
• Ay Andiran was a Vel chieftain of the Pothigai hills, renowned for his wisdom and his boundless generosity towards the learned and the poor.
• The stories and praises of these 'Kadai Yelu Vallalgal' are found in various Sangam literary works like Purananuru and Sirupanatrupadai.
• These poems highlight the values of selfless giving, compassion, and the importance of supporting arts and literature in ancient Tamil society.
• Their patronage fostered a vibrant intellectual environment during the Sangam Age, contributing significantly to the flourishing of Tamil literature.
• The 'Kadai Yelu Vallalgal' serve as enduring symbols of philanthropy and noble leadership in Tamil culture.
• Their legacy continues to inspire acts of charity and generosity in Tamil Nadu even today.
• The concept of these patrons underscores the high value placed on giving and supporting the community in ancient Tamil society.
• They represent a tradition of benevolent rulers who prioritized the well-being of their subjects and the promotion of culture.
• The 'Kadai Yelu Vallalgal' are an integral part of the cultural heritage of Tamil Nadu, embodying ideals of leadership and compassion.
• Their stories offer valuable insights into the social and ethical values prevalent during the Sangam Age.