Political Processes in India MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Political Processes in India - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The Correct Answer is It decentralizes power, promoting regional representation.

Explanation: Federalism in India involves the distribution of powers between the central government and state governments. This decentralization aims to provide regional representation and address the diverse needs of different states.

Key Points

1. Constitutional Basis: The Constitution of India defines the powers and functions of both the central and state governments in separate lists—Union List, State List, and Concurrent List. The Union List contains subjects on which only the central government can legislate, while the State List includes subjects on which only state governments can legislate. The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both levels of government can legislate.

2. Distribution of Powers: The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution clearly demarcates the powers of the center and the states, ensuring that there is no encroachment on each other's jurisdiction. While the central government has authority over matters like defense, foreign affairs, and communications, state governments have jurisdiction over areas like police, public health, and agriculture.

3. Dual Government Structure: India operates with a dual government structure where powers are divided between the center and the states. Each operates within its sphere of influence, and neither can unilaterally alter the distribution of powers.

4. Flexible Federalism: The Indian federal structure is often described as "cooperative federalism" or "flexible federalism." This means that in certain situations, both the center and the states can collaborate to address issues of national importance.

5. Strong Centre in Emergency: While federalism is a foundational principle, the Constitution empowers the central government to take control of certain state powers during a constitutional emergency. This is an exception to the usual federal structure.

6. Governor as a Link: Each state in India has a governor, who is the constitutional head of the state. The governor serves as a link between the central government and the state government, ensuring coordination and communication.

7. Decentralization for Local Governance: In addition to the central-state distribution of powers, there is a focus on decentralization to the local level. The 73rd and 74th Amendments to the Constitution empower Panchayats (local self-government bodies in rural areas) and Municipalities (local self-government bodies in urban areas), providing for local representation and governance.

8. Diverse Representation: India is a country with diverse linguistic, cultural, and regional identities. Federalism ensures that the states have the autonomy to address the specific needs and concerns of their populations.

9. Inter-State Council: The Inter-State Council is a constitutional body that facilitates cooperation among states and between the center and the states. It plays a role in ensuring harmonious relations between different levels of government.

10. Adjudication Mechanism: The Constitution provides for an independent judiciary with the Supreme Court acting as the guardian of the federal structure. It can adjudicate disputes between the center and states or among states.

11. Economic Federalism: Besides political and administrative decentralization, there is also a dimension of economic federalism. The Finance Commission plays a crucial role in the distribution of financial resources between the center and the states.

 Additional InformationFederalism in India is a vital aspect of the constitutional framework, ensuring a balance of power between the central and state governments, accommodating diversity, and promoting cooperative governance for the overall development of the nation.

The correct answer is '44'.

Key Points

• 2014 Lok-Sabha Elections:
  • The 2014 Lok-Sabha elections were a significant event in Indian politics, marking a major shift in power.
  • The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), led by Narendra Modi, won a sweeping victory.
  • The Indian National Congress (INC), which had been a dominant force in Indian politics, faced a major defeat in these elections.
• Performance of the Indian National Congress:
  • The INC, led by Rahul Gandhi, managed to secure only 44 seats out of 543 in the Lok-Sabha.
  • This was one of the worst performances by the party in its history.
• Impact of the 2014 Elections:
  • The 2014 elections marked a clear mandate for the BJP and Narendra Modi, leading to significant policy changes and reforms.
  • The INC's poor performance led to internal introspection and efforts to revitalize the party.

The correct answer is 'Formation of Election Commission, Introduction of Electronic Voting Machines, SVEEP Program'

Key Points

• Formation of Election Commission:
  • The Election Commission of India was established on 25th January 1950. It is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India at both the national and state levels.
  • The formation of the Election Commission marked the beginning of a structured and systematic electoral process in India.
• Introduction of Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs):
  • The use of Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) in Indian elections was first experimented with in 1982 in the by-election to North Paravur Assembly Constituency in Kerala.
  • The extensive use of EVMs began in the general elections of 2004, enhancing the efficiency and transparency of the voting process.
• SVEEP Program:
  • Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Participation (SVEEP) is a program launched by the Election Commission of India to educate voters and increase electoral participation.
  • The SVEEP program was introduced in 2009 and focuses on voter awareness, education, and participation to ensure a more informed and active electorate.

The correct answer is 'Indigo Revolt, Pabna Agrarian, Kheda Satyagraha, Moplah Uprising'

Key Points

• Indigo Revolt (1859-60):
  • The Indigo Revolt was a peasant movement and subsequent uprising of indigo farmers against the British planters in Bengal.
  • The revolt was triggered by the oppressive and exploitative practices of the indigo planters, who forced the peasants to grow indigo instead of food crops.
• Pabna Agrarian Uprising (1873-76):
  • The Pabna Agrarian Uprising occurred in the Pabna district of Bengal, where peasants revolted against oppressive zamindars (landlords).
  • The movement was characterized by the formation of peasant leagues and demands for fairer rents and rights.
• Kheda Satyagraha (1918):
  • The Kheda Satyagraha was a non-violent resistance movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in the Kheda district of Gujarat.
  • It was launched to support the peasants who were unable to pay the high taxes imposed by the British due to crop failure and plague.
• Moplah Uprising (1921):
  • The Moplah Uprising was a series of violent uprisings by the Muslim Mappila community in the Malabar region of Kerala against the British and the Hindu landlords.
  • The uprising was fueled by agrarian grievances, religious fanaticism, and a reaction against British colonial rule.

Note: This question has been dropped by NTA.

The correct answer is 'Informal organisations of power'

Key Points

• Informal organisations of power:
  • Political parties, pressure groups, public opinion, and popular movements are considered informal organisations because they influence the political process and decision-making without being a part of the formal government structure.
  • They play a significant role in shaping policies, representing interests, and bringing about social change through advocacy, protests, and other forms of public engagement.
  • These entities are crucial in a democracy as they provide a means for citizens to express their views, hold the government accountable, and participate in the political process outside of formal electoral mechanisms.

Additional Information

• Formal organisations of power:
  • This refers to institutions that are officially part of the government structure, such as the executive, legislature, and judiciary.
  • Political parties and pressure groups do not fit this description as they operate outside of these formal structures.
• Helping the governments of the day in governance:
  • While these entities can influence governance, their primary role is not to assist governments directly but to advocate for particular interests and influence public policy.
• Existing only in democracies:
  • Although these organisations are more prominent in democracies, they can exist in other political systems as well, though their influence and functioning might be restricted.

Note: This question has been dropped by NTA.

The correct answer is '(A), (B), (C), (D), (E)'.

Key Points

• Formation Years of the States:
  • Bihar: Formed on 22 March 1912, when it was carved out from the Bengal Presidency.
  • Rajasthan: Formed on 30 March 1949, by the merger of Rajputana states.
  • Nagaland: Became a state on 1 December 1963, as the 16th state of India.
  • Gujarat: Formed on 1 May 1960, after the bifurcation of the Bombay State.
  • Himachal Pradesh: Became a full-fledged state on 25 January 1971.

Additional Information

• Explanation of Other Options:
  • Option 2 (A), (C), (B), (D), (E): Incorrect as Nagaland (C) was formed after Rajasthan (B).
  • Option 3 (A), (E), (C), (B), (D): Incorrect as Himachal Pradesh (E) was formed after Gujarat (D) and Nagaland (C).
  • Option 4 (C), (B), (D), (E), (A): Incorrect as Nagaland (C) was formed much later than Bihar (A).

The correct answer is 'A - III, B - I, C - II, D - IV'

Key Points

• Creation of States in India:
  • Jharkhand: Jharkhand was created on November 15, 2000, by bifurcating the state of Bihar. It became the 28th state of India.
  • Telangana: Telangana was officially formed on June 2, 2014, after being separated from Andhra Pradesh. It became the 29th state of India.
  • Goa: Goa attained statehood on May 30, 1987, making it the 25th state of India. Prior to that, it was a Union Territory.
  • Sikkim : Sikkim became the 22nd state of India on May 16, 1975, after merging with India.

Additional Information  

• State Reorganisation Act, 1956:
  •    This landmark act came into effect on 1st November 1956, following the recommendations of the State Reorganisation Commission (SRC).
  • It aimed to reorganize Indian states along linguistic lines.   
• Formation of the State Reorganisation Commission:
  • Established in 1953, the SRC was headed by Fazal Ali, with K. M. Panikkar and H. N. Kunzru as members.
  • The commission submitted its report in 1955.

The correct answer is They serve as catalysts for inclusive development

Linguistic conflicts play a multifaceted role in the political landscape of India, serving as both challenges and opportunities for inclusive development. On one hand, linguistic conflicts can create tensions and divisions within society, leading to political instability and hindering the pursuit of common goals. However, these conflicts also serve as catalysts for social change and progress by bringing attention to the linguistic rights and cultural identity of marginalized communities. By highlighting linguistic grievances, these conflicts compel governments to take proactive measures to address the needs of linguistic minorities and promote linguistic diversity. Through dialogue, negotiation, and policy intervention, linguistic conflicts can pave the way for inclusive development initiatives that empower linguistic communities, bridge social divides, and foster a more cohesive and equitable society.

The correct answer is Jawaharlal Nehru

Explanation:

Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, emphasized the concept of "unity in diversity" and advocated for a decentralized federal structure to accommodate India's linguistic and cultural diversity.

The correct answer is All of the above

Explanation: The demand for Telangana statehood in India resulted in the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh into two separate states, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. It also led to the formation of the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) party and caused significant political upheaval and protests in the region.