Diagram of Heart - Detailed Structure and Functions | Testbook.com

Detailed Diagram of the Heart

• The heart contains four compartments:
  • The heart's top two chambers are known as atria .
  • The heart's bottom two chambers are known as ventricles .

• The wall of the heart comprises three layers:
  • The heart wall's outer layer is known as the epicardium .
  • The heart wall's middle layer is known as the myocardium .
  • The heart wall's inner layer is known as the endocardium .

• The heart includes four valves:
  • The aortic valve prevents blood from flowing back as it is pumped from the left ventricle to the aorta.
  • The mitral valve prevents blood from flowing back when pumped from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
  • The pulmonary valve prevents backflow of blood when it flows from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery.
  • The tricuspid valve prevents blood from flowing back when it is pumped from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
• The arteries transport oxygen-rich blood from the heart to various body parts. The pulmonary artery , however, carries oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
• The veins carry deoxygenated blood from different body parts back to the heart for oxygenation. Conversely, the pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood back to the heart.

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Related articles on the human heart:

• The Human Heart
• The Circulatory System
• Heart Conditions
• Differences Between Arteries and Veins